{"id":8081,"date":"2021-10-05T17:54:01","date_gmt":"2021-10-05T17:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/niemphatduonganduong.org\/diendanphap\/?p=8081"},"modified":"2021-10-05T22:24:16","modified_gmt":"2021-10-05T22:24:16","slug":"8081-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/niemphatduonganduong.org\/diendanphap\/8081-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O"},"content":{"rendered":"

524.\u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O<\/h2>\n

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<\/b>\u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u n\u00eau l\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“B\u1eaft phong tr\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i phong tr\u1ea7n,
\nCho thanh cao m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n thanh cao”.<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hay:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“\u00d0\u00e3 mang l\u1ea5y nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00e2n,
\nC\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng tr\u00e1ch l\u1eabn tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7n tr\u1eddi xa”.<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i cho \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chi ph\u1ed1i su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi Ki\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ec3 suy r\u1ed9ng ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chi ph\u1ed1i su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u1ed9i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi cho r\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh “B\u1eaft phong tr\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i phong tr\u1ea7n” hay theo thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p “\u00d0\u00e3 mang l\u1ea5y nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chi ph\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1eaft sao ch\u1ecbu v\u1eady, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i b\u00f3 tay nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n can d\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111inh ninh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng? \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i duy\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i xem \u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh thi\u00eang li\u00eang, m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia th\u1ebf kia, ph\u1ea3i sao ch\u1ecbu v\u1eady, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o can d\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. R\u00f5 nh\u01b0 trong Trung v\u0103n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “\u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e3 th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh chi m\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3”. “\u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh do th\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1; m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do, “B\u1eaft phong tr\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i phong tr\u1ea7n”. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00f3ng m\u1edd nh\u00e2n \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u00eam b\u1edfi con quay b\u00fang s\u1eb5n l\u00ean tr\u1eddi!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 sao? \u00d0\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi xem b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. \u00d0\u00e3 t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5y, gieo gi\u00f3 g\u1eb7t b\u00e3o. Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, nh\u00e2n x\u1ea5u qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3, hay c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 n\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh do t\u1ef1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u00e2n, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n, r\u1ed3i ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu l\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 th\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3. Do v\u1eady d\u00f9 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u00f3 l\u00fac kh\u1eaft khe kh\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 do t\u1ef1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn b\u1ea5t di d\u1ecbch; tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn theo \u00fd ch\u00ed m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu, t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n, b\u00e1o l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o. Nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00ec sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u1ea3nh xa hoa, m\u00e0 b\u1ea9m t\u00e1nh ngu d\u1ed1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ecd th\u00ec b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea9m t\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng minh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec v\u1eeba ngh\u00e8o v\u1eeba ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, k\u1ebb n\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0u l\u1ea1i lanh l\u1ee3i? C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p tr\u1eafc tr\u1edf, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u0169ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t? V\u00ec sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi nay l\u00e0 b\u1eadc V\u0129 nh\u00e2n Th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia l\u00e0 k\u1ebb \u0111i\u00eau tr\u00e1 s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 t\u00e0i ba, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi l\u1ecdt l\u00f2ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ebfc qu\u00e8 qu\u1eb7t? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u1eeba tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia v\u1eeba tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu?… \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n? Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 may r\u1ee7i m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng hay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean t\u00ecnh c\u1edd. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec1u do v\u00ec nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. C\u00e1i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 \u1ea9n n\u00fap trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 g\u1ea7n hay xa.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c trong s\u1ef1 sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c nh\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00ec sao nh\u1eefng anh em sinh \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 nhau m\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eb3n nhau. Theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t sai kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng do ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 di truy\u1ec1n, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chung quanh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 th\u00e2m s\u00e2u c\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, do gia t\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eebng gi\u00e2y t\u1eebng ph\u00fat trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac hay s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta (c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3) thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hay \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u do ta t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p do ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ph\u1ed1i, ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec can d\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh, thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do \u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0 danh. \u00d0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Theo H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Narada Mahathera (T\u00edch Lan, “\u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p”) d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Abhidhamavatara c\u00f3 n\u0103m Niyamas hay l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u00f4n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c n\u0103m lu\u1eadn, th\u01b0\u1eddng chi ph\u1ed1i trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Uta Niyama (V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn):\u00a0thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 quan, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3 m\u01b0a, s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng v.v…<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Bija Niyama (Ch\u1ee7ng nh\u00e2n lu\u1eadn):\u00a0thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan (h\u1eefu c\u01a1) nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf… \u00d0\u1ecbnh l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa anh em sinh \u0111\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Kamma Niyama (Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 lu\u1eadn hay Nghi\u1ec7p lu\u1eadn):\u00a0thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c ph\u00e1t sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u c\u0169ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea1t n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a g\u00ec sinh n\u1edf, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

4. Dhamma Niyama (Danh th\u1ef1c lu\u1eadn):\u00a0thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh khi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ra \u0111\u1eddi hay khi v\u1ecb \u1ea5y nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. S\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, s\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t v.v… c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5. Citta Niyama (T\u00e2m tr\u00ed lu\u1eadn):\u00a0ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed hay l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd, s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n hay s\u1ef1 sinh di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 giao c\u1ea3m, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, s\u1ef1 ti\u00ean li\u1ec7u, thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n th\u00f4ng, thi\u00ean nh\u0129 th\u00f4ng, tha t\u00e2m th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u bao tr\u00f9m b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd n\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, v\u1eadt l\u00fd hay lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u trong n\u0103m ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ti\u1ebfng Pali: Kamma, ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n: Karma, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0\u00a0h\u00e0nh vi<\/i>\u00a0hay\u00a0h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/i>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt d\u00f9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, hay mi\u1ec7ng hay \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c g\u00e2y ra qu\u1ea3, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p. \u00d0\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n, v\u00ec r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t ly ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, khi \u00fd ch\u00ed bu\u00f4ng lung th\u1eddi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, mi\u1ec7ng, \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebb, m\u00e0 b\u1ecb sa ng\u00e3 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm; khi \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd th\u1eddi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, mi\u1ec7ng, \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111i v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u00e1ng, l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng d\u1ea7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi thu\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o trong v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n an l\u1ea1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, g\u00e2y nh\u00e2n x\u1ea5u h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u. Khi nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 th\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u1ec1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfng h\u1ecdc su\u1ed1t n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd v\u00e0o thi mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi h\u1ecfng ra thi \u0111\u1eadu, c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho k\u1ecbp. Tuy kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n th\u00ec c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1eaft khe chi ph\u1ed1i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh hay thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh b\u1eaft ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft tu\u00e2n theo. Ch\u00ednh do \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ta m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u ch\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ee5t ch\u00ed, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 tin hy v\u1ecdng, s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 can \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh khi b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u1ed5i, hay g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kham n\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c xa, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng. Khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 n\u00f3 do m\u00ecnh g\u00e2y ra th\u00ec c\u0169ng do m\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1eady ai thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00fap. Khi \u0111\u00f3 ta s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u1eadp ch\u00ed s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i theo \u00fd ch\u00ed t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1eb3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hay kh\u00f3, m\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hay kh\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ta. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: “C\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 n\u1ea5c thang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh t\u00e0i, l\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb y\u1ebfu h\u00e8n”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a ch\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, mu\u1ed1n r\u00f5 ch\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c kinh:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa:<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, t\u00e2m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i hay l\u00e0m v\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5 s\u1ebd theo nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe l\u0103n theo ch\u00e2n con v\u1eadt k\u00e9o xe”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, t\u00e2m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i hay l\u00e0m v\u1edbi t\u00e2m trong s\u1ea1ch, s\u1ef1 vui s\u1ebd theo nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“L\u00e0nh d\u1eef b\u1edfi ta, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u0169ng b\u1edfi ta; l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh b\u1edfi ta, thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng b\u1edfi ta. T\u1ecbnh hay b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1edfi ta, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thanh t\u1ecbnh cho ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* Kinh Ti\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t:<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Thanh ni\u00ean Subha b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n: “Th\u01b0a T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Gotama, do nh\u00e2n g\u00ec, do duy\u00ean g\u00ec, gi\u1eefa lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhau, khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u? C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea3n th\u1ecd, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd? C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt b\u1ec7nh? C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb9p s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7? v.v..<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y Thanh ni\u00ean, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 th\u1eeba t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 thai t\u1ea1ng, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a. Nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 \u01b0u. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00e0y Thanh ni\u00ean, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 hay \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng s\u00e1t sanh t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, tay l\u1ea5m m\u00e1u, t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb bi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sanh. Do nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y, khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, b\u1ecb sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef, \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, khi m\u1ea1ng chung n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o n\u00f3 sinh ra, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 hay \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sanh, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh. Do nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y, khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa, thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, khi m\u1ea1ng chung n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o n\u00f3 sinh ra, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd v.v…”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* Kinh Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t \u00d0\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p:<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y A Nan, v\u1ecb Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y”. N\u00e0y A Nan v\u1ecb Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh; ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y A Nan, v\u1ecb Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1t sinh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef, \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: “Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai s\u00e1t sinh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef, \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y A Nan, n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1t sinh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y sinh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa, thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai s\u00e1t sinh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u sinh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa, thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y A Nan, n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sinh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y sinh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: “Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sanh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u sinh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa, thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y A Nan, n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: “T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sanh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef, \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: “Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e1t sanh, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, sau khi th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y Potaliputta, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ai c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd l\u00e0m th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd; n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ai c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd l\u00e0m th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd, n\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ai c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd l\u00e0m th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd, n\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 b\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y A Nan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o s\u00e1t sanh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, sau khi m\u1ea1ng chung, n\u00f3 sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef, \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd do n\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hay do n\u00f3 l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 sau, hay trong khi m\u1ec7nh chung, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t. Do v\u1eady n\u00f3 sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i d\u1eef, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u00e0y A Nan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o s\u00e1t sanh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho… c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn sau khi m\u1ec7nh chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa, thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd do n\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hay do n\u00f3 l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 sau, hay trong khi m\u1ec7nh chung, m\u1ed9t ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t. Do v\u1eady n\u00f3 sinh v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u00d0o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u00fd n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi: ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o d\u1eef ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hay t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ec1 sau, hay t\u1ea1o ra v\u00ec l\u00e0 \u00e1c ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c nh\u01b0ng do thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 sau, ho\u1eb7c trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o vui ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd kh\u1ed5. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m \u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u1ecd vui v\u1eady. Kinh c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa, thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecda \u00e1c th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 do trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung h\u1ecd kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u00e1c ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c. B\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o, trong gi\u1edd l\u00e2m chung t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u00e1c ni\u1ec7m m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u00fac s\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n theo t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m khi l\u00e2m chung m\u00e0 th\u1ecd b\u00e1o).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* Kinh T\u0103ng Chi t\u1eadp I:<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ai n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady”. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb. V\u00e0 n\u00e0y, ai n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady”. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fat \u00edt c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c? – \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp, gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp, tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp, h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 nh\u1ecf nhen, s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5 \u00edt \u1ecfi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fat \u00edt c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai? – \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, gi\u1edbi, t\u00e2m, tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 to l\u1edbn, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ch\u00e9n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf \u1ea5y v\u00ec nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? – Th\u01b0a c\u00f3, b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n. V\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ch\u00e9n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u00edt, do nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7n, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng, s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u00ec nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? – Th\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n. V\u00ec kh\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, kh\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 nh\u00fam mu\u1ed1i, s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng b\u1ecb m\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau, ch\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau: “Ph\u00e0m c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c g\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd l\u1ea1c, kh\u1ed5 hay kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u do nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9”. \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, ta \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: “Ch\u01b0 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3, c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7t ch\u0103ng, ch\u01b0 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau, ch\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau: “Ph\u00e0m c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c g\u00ec… (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)… \u0111\u1ec1u do nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9?” – \u00d0\u01b0\u1ee3c Ta h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Th\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i, c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady”. – Ta n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 sau: “Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1eddi c\u00e1c T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 do nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1t sanh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m, n\u00f3i l\u00e1o v.v…” nh\u01b0ng n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 l\u00fd do vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tinh t\u1ea5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m” hay “\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m”. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m hay kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, th\u1eddi danh t\u01b0 \u00f8 Sa-m\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u0103n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u00d0o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd g\u00ec, h\u00e0nh vi g\u00ec trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng do nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3, th\u1ebf th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 quay theo qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. S\u00e1t sanh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, n\u00f3i l\u00e1o v.v… \u0111\u1ec1u do nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 sai khi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m g\u00ec. V\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00ean l\u00e0m, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tu, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tu; th\u1eddi danh t\u1eeb Sa-m\u00f4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a; b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng phu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00fd ch\u00ed t\u1ef1 do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng tu\u00e2n theo nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 sai s\u1eed, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng lao g\u00ec).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo Lu\u1eadn Cu X\u00e1:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a. Th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>\u00a0– Thuy\u1ebft minh v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hai nghi\u1ec7p, ba nghi\u1ec7p, n\u0103m nghi\u1ec7p. Hai nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 T\u01b0 d\u0129 nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t suy t\u1eeb trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3i n\u0103ng n\u01a1i th\u00e2n v\u00e0 mi\u1ec7ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0 d\u0129 nghi\u1ec7p. L\u1ea1i t\u1eeb hai nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y chia ra l\u00e0m ba nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, Ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u00dd nghi\u1ec7p. Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, Ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u01b0 d\u0129 nghi\u1ec7p. (Do t\u01b0 duy, c\u1ed1 \u00fd r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng) c\u00f2n \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p. L\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ba nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y chia ra n\u0103m nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p chia ra Th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 Th\u00e2n v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb Ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng chia ra Ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u01b0 d\u0129 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nTh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nTh\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e2n v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ng\u1eef v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

– N\u0103m nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ta suy ngh\u0129 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u00fd l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p. Khi s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra n\u01a1i th\u00e2n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0ng trong khi \u0111ang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean Th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p, b\u00ean trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 c\u1ee9 theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eebng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n kh\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, Ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ebf<\/span>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, c\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean l\u1ea5y t\u00e2m s\u1edf T\u01b0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf. T\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u00d0\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m l\u1ef1 t\u01b0, t\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0 t\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, sau h\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 t\u1ee9c t\u01b0 trong khi ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra n\u01a1i th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u. T\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n t\u01b0. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n t\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p. T\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ng\u1eef t\u01b0. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i ph\u00e1t ng\u1eef t\u01b0 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, hay s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u00fd. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a n\u01a1i th\u00e2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ef1a n\u01a1i mi\u1ec7ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ef1a n\u01a1i \u00fd ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p. Ba nghi\u1ec7p s\u1edf d\u0129 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh, \u00e1c t\u00e1nh, v\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u00e1nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00e1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ee9 v\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng sao g\u1ecdi r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa cu\u1ed1n 11 n\u00f3i: “N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p g\u00ec hay chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, kh\u1ea3 l\u1ea1c th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 l\u1ea1c th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e1c; tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Cu X\u00e1 15 n\u00f3i: “Nghi\u1ec7p an \u1ed5n hay chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n xa l\u00eca th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n. Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng an \u1ed5n hay chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e1c. C\u00f2n nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00e1i hai t\u00e1nh tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ba t\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Cu X\u00e1 13 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean do \u0111\u1ec3 chia ba t\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd, m\u1ed7i t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 l\u00e0: Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a, T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh, T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, \u00d0\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec7n:<\/i>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, v\u00ec Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n an \u1ed5n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u1eb7t d\u1ee9t d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5. Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 cho n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1edf: T\u00e0m, qu\u00fd, v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00f4 si. N\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c m\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y n\u00f3 l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng thi\u1ec7n<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf nh\u01b0: T\u00edn, c\u1ea7n, khinh an v.v… nh\u1edd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kia m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u00d0\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 cho th\u00e2n ng\u1eef thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1eb1ng nhau gi\u1eefa t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 \u00e1c l\u00e0:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a \u00e1c<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 cho sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. V\u00ec sanh t\u1eed t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5, x\u1ea5u xa.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh \u00e1c<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 cho n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd, tham, s\u00e2n, si. V\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi m\u1edbi \u00e1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng \u00e1c<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh \u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u00f3a ra \u00e1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u00d0\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi \u00e1c<\/i>: Ch\u1ec9 cho th\u00e2n ng\u1eef \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p do s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh \u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng \u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u00e1nh th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 k\u00fd, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi, phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi. Hai v\u00f4 vi n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tu \u0111\u1ea1o, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd. Ngo\u00e0i ra trong 46 t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 n\u00e0o thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh v\u00f4 k\u00fd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh v\u00f4 k\u00fd th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. H\u1eefu l\u1eadu nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3, tham \u00e1i, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o loanh quanh trong v\u00f2ng ba c\u00f5i s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u00fang sanh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o trong ba c\u00f5i s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ba c\u00f5i s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n an l\u1ea1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c: phi ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o kh\u1ed5 \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c; b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p tu Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1edf c\u00f5i S\u1eafc v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Tam th\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn theo l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 S\u01a1, Nh\u1ecb, Tam Thi\u1ec1n; l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn theo kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn theo b\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 l\u1ea1c \u1edf Tam Thi\u1ec1n tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi H\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea3nh.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. Tam th\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>\u00a0t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o trong ba th\u1eddi k\u1ef3: C\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba tr\u1edf \u0111i.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a. Nh\u00e0 b\u1ed1n nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, Thu\u1eadn sanh nghi\u1ec7p, Thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

b. Nh\u00e0 t\u00e1m nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng trong b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean, l\u1ea1i chia ra c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o (d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c) nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1eddi k\u00fd th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v.v… nh\u00e2n l\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u00e1m nghi\u1ec7<\/span>p.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong Lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa cu\u1ed1n 114 ghi c\u00f3 ba thuy\u1ebft:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a. Hai nghi\u1ec7p Thu\u1eadn sanh th\u1ecd, Thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu th\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f2n hai nghi\u1ec7p Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n th\u1ecd v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

b. Ba nghi\u1ec7p Thu\u1eadn sanh th\u1ecd, Thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu th\u1ecd, v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p, M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f2n Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

c. C\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

5. M\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o \u00e1c<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 th\u00e2n s\u00e1t sanh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c; mi\u1ec7ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, n\u00f3i hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i (ly gi\u00e1n); n\u00f3i th\u00f4 \u00e1c, n\u00f3i th\u00eau d\u1ec7t; \u00fd tham lam, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o thi\u1ec7n<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 th\u00e2n xa l\u00eca \u00e1c, xa l\u00eca tr\u1ed9m, xa l\u00eca d\u00e2m, xa n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i, xa l\u00eca n\u00f3i hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i, xa l\u00eca n\u00f3i th\u00f4 \u00e1c, xa l\u00eca th\u00eau d\u1ec7t; \u00fd kh\u00f4ng tham, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n, ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh d\u1eef ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Gia h\u1ea1nh, C\u0103n b\u1ea3n, H\u1eadu kh\u1edfi. Gia h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, C\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ngay l\u00fac s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, H\u1eadu kh\u1edfi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft th\u00fa, l\u1ed9t da, x\u1ebb th\u1ecbt… Trong ba ph\u1ea7n Gia h\u1ea1nh, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea7n gia h\u1ea1nh hay h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi. Nh\u01b0 Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 16 n\u00f3i: “V\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, th\u00e2n \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n \u00e1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c thu\u1ed9c gia h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u0111\u00e1nh, tr\u00f3i… V\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e2n \u00e1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c m\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng, m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a, m\u1ea5t v\u1ee3… m\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i xa l\u00e1nh. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng, m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v.v… n\u00e0y m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o. Ng\u1eef \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u1eef \u00e1c h\u00e0nh thu\u1ed9c gia h\u1ea1nh, h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 khinh vi. \u00dd \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u00e1c h\u00e0nh thu\u1ed9c t\u01b0 duy \u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tham nh\u1eb9… V\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n, Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c gia h\u1ea1nh, h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u00eca u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u1eef thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef Di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 \u00e1i ng\u1eef, th\u1eadt ng\u1eef v.v… kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o. \u00dd thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u00fd Di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 duy thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: V\u00ec sao ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o?<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

–– V\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u00e1t sanh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp…, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt b\u00ean trong b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n gia h\u1ea1nh th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi c\u0169ng t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt trong ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: T\u1ea1i sao ba nghi\u1ec7p Th\u00e2n, b\u1ed1n nghi\u1ec7p Kh\u1ea9u, ba nghi\u1ec7p \u00dd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o?<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

— \u00d0\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i. Trong m\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, tham, s\u00e2n, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf; ba nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n, b\u1ed1n nghi\u1ec7p ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p (\u00dd nghi\u1ec7p), n\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o, ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o. Ngh\u0129a m\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh, m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c l\u00e0m sao tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o?<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1t sanh, do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m duy\u00ean: (a) C\u00f3 t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft. (b) \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. (c) T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. (d) D\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c gi\u1ebft. (\u0111) Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft l\u1ea7m.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng cho m\u00e0 l\u1ea5y (tr\u1ed9m), do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m duy\u00ean: (a) M\u00f3ng t\u00e2m l\u1ea5y c\u1eafp. (b) \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i v\u1eadt k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. (c) T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i v\u1eadt k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. (d) D\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c l\u1ea5y. (\u0111) Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y l\u1ea7m \u0111em v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0 d\u00e2m do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean: (a) \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh (v\u1ee3 h\u1ea7u) m\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m. (b) \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00ea (\u0111\u1ea1o) m\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m. (c) \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01a1i m\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m. (d) \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phi th\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

4. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef (h\u01b0 cu\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef) do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. (b) T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em n\u00f3i. (c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe. (d) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

5. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i (ly gi\u00e1n ng\u1eef) do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. (b) Ph\u00e1t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i h\u1ea1i k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. (c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. (d) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

6. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00f3i th\u00f4 \u00e1c (\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. (b) Ph\u00e1t l\u1eddi c\u1ed9c c\u1eb1n th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o ch\u1eedi m\u1eafng k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. (c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. (d) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i th\u00f4 \u00e1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

7. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00f3i th\u00eau d\u1ec7t (\u1ef7 ng\u1eef – t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf ng\u1eef) do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 hai duy\u00ean: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. (b) Ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n l\u1eddi l\u1ebd t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y, th\u00eau d\u1ec7t, v\u1ebd v\u1eddi, dua n\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00fac ca ng\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 sai tr\u00e1i, d\u00e2m \u00f4… ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ef7 ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, tr\u1eeb ba th\u1ee9 h\u01b0 cu\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef, th\u00f4 \u00e1c ng\u1eef, ly gi\u00e1n ng\u1eef tr\u00ean, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o, t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y ph\u00e1t ra, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i \u1ef7 ng\u1eef n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

8. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o tham, do \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c – sanh l\u00f2ng tham mong c\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m sao v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

9. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e2n, do \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh sanh l\u00f2ng gi\u1eadn d\u1eef mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

10. Th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, do m\u00ea l\u1ea7m b\u00e0i b\u00e1c l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p theo nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o \u00e1c, c\u00f2n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u 10 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

— \u00d0\u00e2y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ea7n (Sa-di) s\u00e1ch th\u1ecd C\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi. Khi l\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n, l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1i T\u0103ng, ph\u00e1t l\u1eddi th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n th\u1ec9nh th\u00e2n gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi, cho \u0111\u1ebfn xong l\u1ea7n Y\u1ebft-ma th\u1ee9 ba, ngay \u1edf s\u00e1t-na n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00e2m n\u00e0o th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c \u1ea5y?<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

— Gia h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o \u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ba c\u0103n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, si m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sanh. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec do t\u00e2m s\u00e2n nhu\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1t sanh; do tham d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m; do c\u1ea3 tham s\u00e2n si m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh h\u01b0 cu\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef, ly gi\u00e1n ng\u1eef, t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf ng\u1eef; do s\u00e2n nhu\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u00f4 \u00e1c ng\u1eef; do tham phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o tham; do s\u00e2n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e2n; do si phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n m\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o thi\u1ec7n, theo lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 cu\u1ed1n 16 n\u00f3i: “C\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o thi\u1ec7n, v\u00f4 lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 gia h\u1ea1nh, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n hay h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ba thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00f4 si m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi. B\u1edfi d\u00f9 gia h\u1ea1nh, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, m\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi ba thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n v\u1eady.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

11. Ba t\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh, t\u1ee9c t\u00e0 ng\u1eef (n\u00f3i t\u00e0), t\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p (h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0), t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng (nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng t\u00e0) t\u00e0 ng\u1eef l\u00e0 ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p do s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si ph\u00e1t sanh, t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 th\u00e2n ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p do tham v\u00e0 si ph\u00e1t sanh.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: Ngo\u00e0i t\u00e0 ng\u1eef, t\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n l\u1eadp th\u00eam t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao?<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

— Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa cu\u1ed1n 16 n\u00f3i: “Nh\u01b0 trong ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu do l\u00f2ng tham m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 ng\u1eef, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng n\u1eefa; n\u1ebfu do t\u00e2m s\u00e2n si m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 ng\u1eef ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. V\u1ec1 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu do l\u00f2ng tham ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng; n\u1ebfu do s\u00e2n si ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng. L\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi: “N\u1ebfu v\u1eady v\u00ec sao \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i d\u1ea1y ri\u00eang hai th\u1ee9 ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng, t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng? – V\u00ec t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, vi t\u1ebf kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 tr\u1eeb cho s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u1ed1i nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f3 c\u1ea5m ch\u1ebf, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00eau ri\u00eang n\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1ed1ng theo l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 cu\u1ed1n 17 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp hai th\u1ee9 D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p. D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o chung (c\u1ef1u d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p); M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o ri\u00eang (C\u1ef1u d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Bi\u1ec7t b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p). V\u00ed nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trai, g\u00e1i, l\u1edbn, b\u00e9, m\u1eadp, g\u1ea7y, x\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1eb9p, cao, l\u00f9n, m\u1ea1nh, y\u1ebfu; v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng, t\u1ed1i, lanh, ch\u1eadm; v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh l\u00e0nh, d\u1eef, nhi\u1ec1u tham s\u00e2n si ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, \u00edt tham s\u00e2n si ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn sang, h\u00e8n, th\u1ecd, y\u1ec3u, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi su\u00f4ng s\u1ebb hay g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n… nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eddi, hay th\u00fa v\u1eadt. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f2n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, t\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec7t b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1eady khi nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i sanh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i l\u00e0nh hay c\u00f5i d\u1eef, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy \u0111\u1ed3ng sanh ra \u1edf c\u00f5i l\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ai gi\u1ed1ng ai, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do M\u1ea1ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u00e2y n\u00ean.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* H\u1ecfi: Nh\u01b0ng D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y do nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i hay ch\u1ec9 do m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn sanh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i n\u00e0y c\u00f5i n\u1ecd? V\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn sanh ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi hay nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi?<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

— Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 17 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng: “Nh\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t sanh, \u0111a nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103ng vi\u00ean m\u00e3n”. Do m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn sanh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi, do nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m cho tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 v\u1ebd, ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t con tr\u00e2u ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho D\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p; l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4 v\u1ebd th\u00eam \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho M\u00e3n nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i ba th\u1ee9 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c ho\u1eb7c trung dung, thu\u1ed9c h\u1eefu l\u1eadu hay v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. Thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu l\u1eadu t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9i v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb ng\u00e3 trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f2n thi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 lu\u1eadn tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thanh t\u1ecbnh, tho\u00e1t h\u1eb3n m\u00f9i v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ng\u00e3. \u00d0\u1ea5y l\u00e0 di\u1ec7u thi\u1ec7n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nay \u0111\u00e2y, g\u1ecdi r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ea kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 ba nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 ba nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean thi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xem th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo t\u00e2n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt Minh (Buddhaghosa), c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean ba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian, chia nghi\u1ec7p ra b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0C\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu v\u00ec m\u1ed9t tha l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u0103n b\u1eafn m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn con v\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00fang th\u00ec m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 coi nh\u01b0 b\u1ecf, con v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n th\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0Ho\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi sau, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eddi sau v\u00ec m\u1ed9t tha l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

c.\u00a0V\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p,<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, tr\u1eeb phi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. \u00d0\u00e2y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

d.\u00a0V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, hay l\u00e0 “D\u0129 h\u1eefu nghi\u1ec7p”, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 chung c\u1ea3 ba nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean, m\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 b\u1ea1c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n l\u00e0m ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y, th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng, (h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng) chia nghi\u1ec7p ra b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0N\u0103ng sanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 cho (h\u1eefu ch\u1ec9) trong 12 ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, n\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n ch\u1edd c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i thu\u1eadn hay ngh\u1ecbch m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sanh qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sanh qu\u1ea3. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean kia.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0N\u0103ng tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho N\u0103ng sanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

c.\u00a0N\u0103ng ti\u00eau nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho n\u0103ng sanh, n\u0103ng tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean d\u00f9 thi\u1ec7n d\u00f9 \u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

d.\u00a0N\u0103ng h\u1ee7y nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u0103ng ti\u00eau nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c nh\u1ed5 t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hay s\u1eafp ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9, chia nghi\u1ec7p ra b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0C\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c theo n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 \u00e1c, n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao h\u00e0m b\u1ed1n t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t n\u0103ng sanh, n\u0103ng tr\u00ec, n\u0103ng ti\u00eau, n\u0103ng h\u1ee7y nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean kia.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0C\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p,<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd sanh \u0111\u1eddi sau hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean trong khi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd sanh v\u1ec1 sau v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5 hay vui, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi k\u1ebb s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean n\u01a1i h\u1ecd, nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd sanh v\u1ec1 sau.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

c.\u00a0T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p,<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p do s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, suy t\u01b0, n\u00f3 y\u1ebfu thua c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c th\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

d.\u00a0T\u00edch l\u0169y nghi\u1ec7p<\/i>, l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 trong m\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con ch\u00f3 s\u0103n thu\u1ed9c V\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00ec t\u00edch l\u0169y nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean trong gi\u1edd s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p. Phi k\u1ebb tr\u00ed kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, n\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e2n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda b\u1ed9 v\u00ed n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu n\u00e9m \u0111i, m\u00e0 d\u00f9 khi ch\u01b0a n\u00e9m th\u00ec h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m r\u1ed3i, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd n\u00e9m m\u1edbi r\u01a1i.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Du-gi\u00e0 t\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn, c\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebfn, chia ra c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p (bi\u1ec7t nghi\u1ec7p) nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c nhu m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung s\u1ee9c d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng b\u00e1o do c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra. \u00d0\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span> Tuy \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed7i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c nhau, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u1ed7i ngh\u1ec1, t\u1eadp m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau; \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 B\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng b\u00e1o (bi\u1ec7t nghi\u1ec7p, bi\u1ec7t b\u00e1o). Nh\u01b0ng hai th\u1ee9 c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n nhau, n\u00ean l\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n ra nghi\u1ec7p. “C\u1ed9ng trung b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng”, nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng \u1edf chung m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, r\u1ee7i b\u1ecb b\u00e3o nh\u00e0 s\u1eadp, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea3y tay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi u \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh y\u00ean v\u00f4 s\u1ef1. Ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e0n d\u1ecb m\u1ed9ng. V\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p “B\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng trung c\u1ed9ng”, nh\u01b0 trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp t\u00e1nh u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, n\u00f3i kh\u00f9ng, g\u00e2y g\u1ed7, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u00e2m l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u00e0, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft thi\u00eau. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u1edf c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecda l\u00e2y<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ec7n Si\u00eau<\/p>\n

Thich Minh Tu\u1ec7<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

524.\u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O     \u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u n\u00eau l\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u: “B\u1eaft phong tr\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i phong tr\u1ea7n, Cho thanh cao m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n thanh cao”. Hay: “\u00d0\u00e3 mang l\u1ea5y nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, C\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng tr\u00e1ch l\u1eabn … \u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp \u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O - Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An D\u01b0\u1ee1ng - Di\u1ec5n \u0110\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"bingbot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/niemphatduonganduong.org\/diendanphap\/8081-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O - Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An D\u01b0\u1ee1ng - Di\u1ec5n \u0110\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"524.\u00d0\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P TRONG PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O     \u00d0\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u n\u00eau l\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u: “B\u1eaft phong tr\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i phong tr\u1ea7n, Cho thanh cao m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n thanh cao”. 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